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Discover the beauty of Melilla. Turn your phone into a personal audio guide and embark on a self-guided tour. From tourist to explorer in just one click.

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SmartGuide

Melilla is an autonomous Spanish city located in North Africa, on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. Nestled in the heart of the Rif region, it has a population of 86,487 and has several characteristics resulting from its geographical position and its history, both in the composition of its population and in its economic activity and its culture, the result of the coexistence of Christians, Muslims and Jews since the 19th century.It covers an area of about 12 km² in the eastern part of Cape Tres Forcas. It borders the Alboran Sea by sea and Morocco by land, specifically the communes of Mariguari and Farhana to the north and west and the city of Beni-Enzar to the south. It is also included in the natural geographical area of Guelaya.

Your audio guide of Melilla | SmartGuide

Old Melilla

Melilla

The Lighthouse of Old Melilla is one of the most representative monuments of the city, located on the San Pedro Bastion in the walled enclosure of Old Melilla. From its privileged location, it offers spectacular views of the Mediterranean Sea and the African coast. This lighthouse has been a vital point of reference for sailors and fishermen for centuries, and forms part of the city's fortifications, reflecting its important strategic role in the history of the Mediterranean.The original structure of the lighthouse dates from the 19th century, with the installation of a light signal in 1854 in the Torre del Vigía de Mar. In 1898, the Ministry of Public Works took over its management, and in 1911, the old lighting system was replaced by a new white light lighthouse, improving its visibility and efficiency for navigation. Over the years, it has been refurbished and adapted to technological advances in maritime signaling, but always maintaining its main function of guiding boats in the area.In addition to its function as a lighthouse, today it is an important tourist and cultural attraction. The lighthouse is part of Melilla's tourist routes, offering visitors not only a glimpse into the city's history, but also the opportunity to enjoy its architecture and the breathtaking views of the surrounding area. Its evolution from a defensive fortress to a cultural center highlights Melilla's rich historical heritage.

Lighthouse of Melilla la Vieja

The Fort of María Cristina, built between 1893 and 1895 and also known as the Polygon Fort, was part of Melilla's defensive system along with other forts designed to protect the city from possible attacks. However, after the end of the war in the so-called "Camp of Morocco", and in particular after the Margallo War in 1893, its defensive function became practically obsolete. Like many other forts of the time, it was reused for other purposes, being used as a military garrison and, later, as a military prison. During a large part of the 20th century, the fort housed military detachments, and the last corps to occupy its facilities was the Civil Guard, which remained there until the end of the 1990s.After being abandoned by the military, the fort had a brief period of activity as a workshop school, although this project was not consolidated and it finally fell into a state of absolute abandonment. More than two decades ago, it was still possible to visit the facilities, although they were already showing obvious signs of deterioration. Inside, the vestiges of its history remained, including the cells where military prisoners who remained loyal to the Second Republic during the Spanish Civil War were held. Among those imprisoned was the Commander General of Melilla, Manuel Romerales Quintero, who, together with other officers, was transferred from this fort to the Rostrogordo esplanade, where they were shot between 1936 and 1939.Today, the Fort of María Cristina is in a state of ruin, a victim of neglect and lack of conservation. Its structure, which once witnessed important historical episodes, has suffered the effects of time and vandalism. Despite its deterioration, its historical value remains undeniable, representing a testimony to the military and political transformations that Melilla has undergone throughout its history. Its possible restoration or enhancement remains an outstanding issue, as is the case with other historical fortifications in the city.It should be mentioned that they are one of the few remaining modern exterior forts built after the Treaty with Morocco in 1860.

Fuerte de María Cristina

It is an architectural and religious emblem of the city, designed by the architect Enrique Nieto in a neo-Muslim style, reflecting Caliphal and Nasrid influences, standing out for its minaret crowned with a dome and its geometric ornamentation. Its construction was carried out to satisfy the spiritual needs of the local Muslim community, becoming Nieto's last major public project. Inaugurated in 1947, it was attended by important authorities from the Spanish Protectorate in Morocco and the Muslim community.The building occupies a trapezoidal plot and consists of two storeys plus the minaret, with façades richly decorated with horseshoe arches, stepped friezes and balconies that ennoble its aesthetics. Its structure has been modified over time, adapting to the needs of the faithful. The original courtyard was integrated into the prayer hall due to the growth of the community, and separate entrances were created for men, women and children. The interior, although transformed, preserves symbolic elements such as the mihrab, decorated with Arabic calligraphy and Koranic verses.Since its inauguration, the Central Mosque has been a spiritual and cultural reference point for the Muslim population of Melilla. In addition to its religious function, the temple serves as an educational center for the teaching of the Koran. Its historical and architectural value makes it one of the main monuments of the city, uniting tradition and modernity in a space where spirituality and art intertwine harmoniously.

Central Mosque

Work on the Church of the Conception in Melilla began in 1657 and lasted for twenty-five years. Throughout the 18th century, the various altars and altarpieces were erected and, for the most part, have been preserved to the present day, with the exception of the altarpiece of the main altar, which had to be refurbished in 1931. This church, of great historical and artistic value, has undergone various renovations over the centuries for its maintenance and conservation. Its façade presents a sobriety characteristic of the architectural style of the time, in contrast to the ornamental richness of its interior, where Baroque elements predominate.The church of La Concepción is of great historical importance for the city, not only as a place of worship, but also as a burial ground. Until 1797, it functioned as Melilla's only cemetery, housing the remains of former inhabitants of the Plaza in its crypts. Some of these crypts belonged to different brotherhoods and guilds, reflecting the strong religious and cultural roots of the temple in the community. Inside, there were also altarpieces and altars of great value, some of which, such as those dedicated to the Virgen del Carmen, San Antonio or the Inmaculada Concepción, have disappeared over time.

In January 2016, an earthquake caused serious damage to the structure of the church, forcing its temporary closure for safety reasons. Since then, the building has been undergoing restoration work with the aim of restoring it to its original splendor and guaranteeing its stability. During this time, the image of Our Lady of Victory, Crowned Patron Saint and Honorary Perpetual Mayoress of Melilla, has been temporarily moved to the Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, where it will remain until the completion of the restoration work.

Church of the Immaculate Conception

The Military History Museum of Melilla, located in the Baluarte de la Concepción, is a landmark of the city's historical heritage. Part of the fortress of Melilla la Vieja, declared an Asset of Cultural Interest, this bastion, built in the 16th century, has had multiple functions over time, from gunpowder warehouse and prison to meteorological office and housing. In 1997, on the occasion of the 5th Centenary of the Spanish occupation of Melilla, it became the current museum, dedicated to the military history of the city.The museum houses more than 600 pieces, many of them on loan from the Autonomous City of Melilla, the Army Museum and private individuals. Its collection includes pieces of great historical value, such as the "Calabrino" cannon, the Enigma cipher machine, the saddle of Isabella II, the saber and baton of General Margallo, the epaulettes of General Picasso and the decorations of Colonel Morales, among other emblematic objects.The museum has two exhibition rooms and several panoramic terraces, from where you can admire spectacular views of the city and its surroundings. Its historical relevance, its rich heritage and its integration into the monumental complex make it an essential destination for those who wish to learn about the military and cultural past of Melilla.

The museum is located in the old town of Melilla, very close to the city center, Plaza de España, which can be reached by bus and the museum can only be accessed by taxi or on foot.

Military Museum of Melilla

A fortified city like Melilla needed good warehouses to store supplies and materials. The Las Peñuelas warehouses were built in 1781 during the reign of Carlos III and the mandate of Governor Antonio Manso.The increase in population at the end of the 19th century led to the expansion of the city outside the walls. The construction of houses and other buildings began, some attached to the walls, others on public spaces and even on top of existing buildings. This was the case of Las Peñuelas, as in 1897 the Alcántara Theatre and a residence for the military governor were built on top of its vaults.These buildings disfigured its historical image until the restoration of the building began in 2007, recovering the original roof and adapting the interior to its new use as a museum.

Museum of Archaeology, History and Ethnography

The Chapel of Santiago in Melilla, also known as the Chapel of the Apostle Santiago, has a rich history dating back to the 16th century. It was built in 1549 by the engineer Miguel de Perea and the master builder Sancho de Escalante, who designed a rectangular structure with an impressive ribbed Gothic vault with tiercerons, a typical architectural style of the time. This chapel stands as an important religious and defensive symbol of the city, as it was located near one of the gates of Melilla, the Puerta de Santiago, which gave it a strategic and religious character at the same time.In 1654, during the government of Pedro Palacios Guevara, the chapel was rebuilt and the altar was adorned with new elements, highlighting its dedication to the Apostle Santiago, who is venerated as the patron saint of soldiers and protector of pilgrims. This rebuilding was part of a process of embellishment and adaptation to the tastes and needs of the time, while the chapel continued to fulfill a fundamental function for the inhabitants of the city.Its original function, in addition to being a place of worship, was to serve as a meeting point for soldiers who, due to its location near the city walls, could take advantage of the chapel to perform religious functions before or after their days of defense. In the past, the chapel was also used to hold masses for soldiers, and its presence in the city symbolized the relationship between faith and military defense, especially in times of conflict. Over the centuries, the chapel has undergone renovations, but it remains a testament to the religious and military history of Melilla.

Chapel of Santiago

It is one of the most emblematic historical buildings in Old Melilla. This military hospital formed part of the city's defensive system and was used to care for soldiers wounded in the various military campaigns in North Africa. It was built in the 18th century inside the first walled enclosure, in the area known as Hoyo de la Cárcel, next to the Torreón del Bonete (lighthouse). The project, designed by the engineers Tomás de Warluzel and Juan de Dios González, dates from 1752. Work began in 1758 and lasted until 1775. It ceased to function as a health center in 1929. After being closed for many years, it reopened in 1997 to mark the 500th anniversary of the Spanish conquest of Melilla.What was Melilla's hospital for more than two centuries is now the headquarters of the General Archive and Publications Service of the Autonomous City. It holds a significant volume of documentation and graphic material as well as the Cándido Lobera Library, which specializes in Melilla and North Africa. It has several rooms for temporary exhibitions.

It also hosts cultural events and educational activities.

Hospital del Rey

The Puerta de Santiago, built in 1549 by the engineer Miguel de Perea, is one of the most representative monuments of Melilla la Vieja. It originally had an S-shaped bridge, which was transformed into a drawbridge in 1680 by Toscano Brito and reformed in 1699 into a straight line by Octavio Meni. The structure included artillery at the top, with embrasures between merlons, and was surrounded by a moat. The gate controlled access to the city and was topped with a coat of arms of Emperor Charles V.The Chapel of Santiago, built in 1551 by Miguel de Perea and Sancho de Escalante, is a rare example of Gothic architecture on the African continent. With its impressive ribbed vault, the chapel was rebuilt in 1654 by Pedro de Palacios. In addition to its religious function, it served as a place of refuge for the soldiers and inhabitants of the city.The chapel is connected to Melilla's underground galleries, which cover a distance of almost five kilometers. Together with the city gate, this chapel and its defensive structure were key elements in the protection of the city, becoming a symbol of Melilla's strength and religiosity throughout the centuries.

Gateway of Santiago

The sculpture of Pedro de Estopiñán, made by the sculptor Pedro de Estopiñán in bronze, represents him in military uniform, with armor, sword raised and a banner in his left hand. The figure, two meters tall, stands on a stone pedestal with the inscription "THE PEOPLE OF MELILLA TO D. PEDRO DE ESTOPIÑÁN 1497-1970". Inaugurated on September 17, 1970, the sculpture was moved to the Plaza de Melilla la Vieja in 1996 to commemorate the city's 5th centenary. In 2012, it suffered an attack that damaged its right arm, but it was restored by the Melilla sculptor Mustafa Arruf.Pedro de Estopiñán, born in Jerez, was a prominent knight of the Order of Santiago and conqueror of Melilla in 1497. His bravery made him well-known in the fight against pirates and in the defense of the cities of Jerez and Cádiz. Throughout his career, he participated in important military campaigns, becoming known as the Knight of Jerez and Accountant to the Duke of Medina Sidonia. In his final years he was promoted to the position of Governor of the Indies and Governor of Santo Domingo, although he died of poisoning in 1505 while traveling through Guadeloupe.The figure of Estopiñán continues to be fundamental in the history of Melilla, as his conquest of the city marked a milestone in the territorial expansion of the Crown of Castile. His legacy has been the subject of studies, such as those of Constantino Domínguez Sánchez in Melillerías, which highlights the importance of his contribution to the history of the city. Despite some discrepancies regarding certain aspects of his biography, Pedro de Estopiñán is remembered as a key military hero in the history of Melilla.

Monument to Pedro de Estopiñán

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